Evaporator



March 21, 1933. K. VYKOUPIL 1,902,533

EVAPORATOR Filed July 27, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 KAREL 'VYKOUPIL'Attorneys K. VYKOUPIL March 21, 1933.

'EVAPORATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 27, 1932 lnventor: KAREL VYKOUPIL mm a AttOrney Patented Mar. 21, 1933 UNITED STATES KAREL VYKOUPIL, ormmmw m umA T nveronaron Application filed July 27, 1932, Serial No. 62,7, a iiin-tfzl tnovakm my 31,1939.

The subject of this invention is an evaporator having two separateevaporating chambers connected together by a float- V actuated valve,thus rendering possible the U advantage of the use of differentpressures in the two chambers. By using a lower pressure in the chambersurrounding the outer walls of the heating tubes through which flows theliquid to be evaporated, lo boiling and evaporating is obtained in theouter tubes also, thus increasing theefiiciency of the evaporator.

According to this invention the heating tubes which are arranged withinthe-evaporating tubes have an annular segmental cross section. V Thisarrangement enables the heating steam to be used advantageously and, asa result of the rapid flow which takes place round these tubes, thecoefficient of heat transference is appreciably increased. I

A constructional example of the evaporator according to this inventionis shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the evaporator,Figure 2 shows a section on a-'b and 0-d respectively in Figure 1,Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the arrangement of the heatingtubes, and Figures 4 to 10. show details of these tubes.

The evaporator according to this invention comprises two evaporatingchambers I and II which are heated by a system of heating tubes.

The substance to be evaporated passes from the container 'R, which isprovided with a gauge glass w, throughthe valve 4) into the entrancechamber 71 From here it flows through a system of tubes into the existchamber 70 tion. In the exit chamber 70 the substance to be evaporatedrisesa-nd passes over the: bridge m. The boiling and clarifying ceasesII through this valve, where it is further The flow is produced eitherby a pump or by thermo-syphonic acheated bythe outer tubes i andevaporated, 1fn'ecessary,'at a lower pressure than in the e mberl. a

' The thickenedsubstance is drawn off-below theevaporator at Z.Thevapour isremovedfrom chamber I through the'opening 0 and from chamberII though theopen- Thechainber Iisconnected with the free space of thecontainerlt by the tube 19 which 3 I acts as a pressure equalizer; V I

The tube r serves for the removal of-all the substance to be evaporated,andis provided witha valve normally closed.

I. The heating tubes consistof inner. and e outer tubes. The inner tubesp p (Figure 4) "have an annular segmental cross? section, andiheatingsteam flows through them in the direction from to k The outer tubes t,are preferably oficir- Q .cularsection. Through these, and .sur-

rounding theinnertubest and t flows the substanceto be evaporated in thedirection leading to the chamber 10 Details of the tubes are shown inFigures 3 to 10. p I

Sleeves n are soldered on to the ends of the inner tubes t and t and arescrewed into the walls 8 and The sleeve n and the stopper 2 of lead orthe like, which is cast v in it, prevents the'penetration of the heatingmedium into the heated chamber and vice versa. The outer tubes 75 arescrewed into the walls 8 and 8 in the usual way. i

The evaporator operates on the opposed flow principle. The heating steamreaches the steam entrance chamber '0 through-the opening U flowsthrough the inner tubes 1 t and t into the exit chamber '0 and is passedout as condensate through the opening U I i A lower pressure may obtainin chamber I than in chamber II thus providing boiling and evaporatingin the'outer tubes t also. n The arrangement described ofthe inner tubesresults in a considerableincrease of the heating surface per cubic metreof heating space in comparison with the known apparatus having simple oronly circular sec- ,0 tion tubes, and., also aconslderable ralslng 0 ofthe coeificient of heat transference, thus enabling a smaller evaporatorto be used for the same heating surface. Experiments have shown that thetotal heating eflect is improved by atleast 16%.

- What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is l. An evaporator having two evaporating chambers separatedfrom one another,'-characterizecl in that these evaporating chamhers (I,II) are connected'together by means of a float valve and are heated byasy s e v tem of heating tubes (25 ,12 t 'whichcon-- sist of outertubesin which'are carried 7 inner tubes (25 6 'through which latter the pheating steam flows, the substance to be I evaporated flowing throughthe outer tubes into the first chamber (I) of; the evap- 8 while thesecond chamber (II) of orator, the evaporator is (6 and differentpressures may tained in the two chambers. Y

2. An evaporator as in claim 1, characterized in that the inner tubes (6of the be mainsystem of heating tubes, through which the steam flows,have an annular segmental cross section.

' 3. An evaporator: as in claim 1, characterized in that in the firstevaporating chamber (I) a spill wall (m) is provided for the boilingmass, and a float valve (9'), in the separating wall forcontrolling thepassage of the substance into the second chamber 7 (II), and between thetwo vthere is a stilling chamber for the boiling mass.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature KAREL VYKOUPIL.

heated'by the outer tubes

